Abdominal pain or digestive issues are very common problems that can affect both children and adults. Symptoms such as bloating, cramping, constipation, or nausea often arise from what someone consumes, drinks, or due to anxiety and stress.

Additionally, stomach discomfort can result from medications or be a sign of an illness like the flu or conditions like GERD, kidney stones, or pancreatitis.

A frequent cause of abdominal pain is irritable bowel syndrome, often referred to as IBS.

Understanding IBS: Symptoms of Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Irritable bowel syndrome is a long-term condition affecting the gastrointestinal system. This system involves several organs, including the esophagus, stomach, and intestines, through which food and liquids travel to be processed and eventually expelled from the body. As noted by the U.S. National Institutes of Health, IBS can disrupt these processes, leading to various symptoms.

Common symptoms of IBS include abdominal discomfort, frequent diarrhea (characterized by loose or watery stools), constipation (which involves hard or lumpy stools), or a combination of both, according to Dr. William Chey, a physician and division chief at Michigan Medicine in Ann Arbor and the president-elect of the American College of Gastroenterology.

For symptoms to be categorized as IBS, they need to occur on a weekly basis. Dr. Chey notes that pain unrelated to bowel movements or in individuals with regular bowel patterns doesn’t qualify as an IBS symptom.

IBS can stem from factors like stress, bacterial infections, hereditary factors, or poorly digested foods; however, Dr. David Levinthal, a neurogastroenterologist and director at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, explains that many patients with IBS cannot identify a specific trigger.

The Prevalence of IBS

IBS is regarded as a very widespread disorder, impacting approximately 10% to 15% of the population in the U.S., according to the American College of Gastroenterology. This means that around 33 million to 51 million individuals are currently affected by the condition.

Moreover, the American College of Gastroenterology highlights that the severity of IBS symptoms can differ greatly among individuals, with women nearly twice as likely to experience IBS compared to men—though the exact reason for this difference remains unclear. Additionally, men and women might experience IBS symptoms in varying ways.

Can IBS Be Cured? Treatment for Irritable Bowel Syndrome

While IBS currently lacks a definitive cure, various effective treatments allow individuals to lead fulfilling lives despite the diagnosis.

Some treatment options include dietary changes, such as increasing fiber and probiotics intake or cutting back on fatty foods and caffeine. Laxatives are often recommended for those experiencing constipation, while antidiarrheal medications are typically suggested for diarrhea. In more severe cases, stronger medications may be necessary to alleviate persistent symptoms or pain.

Psychological therapies, such as cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness meditation, and movement-based practices like yoga or tai chi, can also be beneficial. Dr. Levinthal mentions that any combination of these methods can assist those living with IBS.

“As IBS is not a single condition,” Dr. Chey reiterates, “there isn’t one treatment that works for all patients with IBS.”