About one-third of Americans aged 60 and above — around 19 million individuals — use aspirin on a daily basis, as found in a 2021 study published in the Annals of Internal Medicine.

Should you consider joining this group?

Aspirin, an easily accessible medication, is commonly used for several reasons but is particularly noted for its role in preventing heart attacks and strokes among older adults.

Dr. Michael J. Blaha, MD, MPH, the Director of Clinical Research at the Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, explains how aspirin aids in preventing these serious health issues and whether you should consult your physician about its use based on your personal health situation.

What does aspirin do?

Beyond alleviating aches and pains, medical professionals may recommend aspirin to individuals who are at risk for heart attacks or strokes, according to Harvard Health. These significant health crises arise when plaque builds up in the arteries, which can impede blood flow and lead to the formation of small blood clots. When blood flow to the heart is obstructed, a heart attack can occur, while a stroke is caused by interrupted blood flow to the brain.

This is where aspirin becomes relevant: it acts as a blood thinner, reducing the chance of clots forming.

“Aspirin can help decrease the risk of heart attacks and strokes, along with various other clots like those that occur in the deep veins of the legs,” Blaha explains. “In small doses, aspirin hinders platelet function, thereby lowering blood clotting.”

Does aspirin thin blood quickly?

While thinning blood to reduce clot formation is beneficial for people at heightened risk of heart problems, aspirin is not an ideal option for everyone.

“In cases of heart disease, we frequently prefer blood thinners, as many heart conditions stem from blood clots,” Blaha states. “However, this blood thinning carries an increased risk of bleeding.”

Due to this heightened bleeding risk, individuals with a history of bleeding disorders or gastrointestinal issues should refrain from taking aspirin, according to Blaha. Aspirin can “diminish the protective barrier of the stomach against acid, increasing susceptibility to ulcers, which can bleed,” as noted by Harvard Health.

Moreover, those who are “at low to moderate risk of heart disease and show no signs of underlying disease through imaging or have not experienced a prior heart attack or stroke” should also avoid aspirin, Blaha adds.

The 2021 survey indicated that over three million Americans have taken aspirin without prior consultation with a healthcare provider. Nonetheless, the American Heart Association cautions against the daily use of low-dose aspirin without discussing it with your doctor first.

“Too many low-risk individuals previously took aspirin, often without professional medical advice,” Blaha emphasizes.