New evidence reveals a troubling increase in depression rates among college students in the United States, notably affecting sexual and gender minorities.
Recent research published in the Journal of American College Health shows a significant rise in depression rates among all college students nationwide, but it is particularly concerning for sexual and gender minorities. This group encompasses individuals identifying as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, questioning, intersex, asexual (LGBTQIA+), non-binary, gender non-conforming, and others.
David Pagliaccio from the New York State Psychiatric Institute expresses, “This study emphasizes the urgent need for specialized support aimed at enhancing the mental health and well-being of young adults, especially those who identify as LGBTQIA+. As more individuals identify as LGBTQIA+, it is increasingly pressing to tackle these disparities to foster inclusive and supportive educational environments.”
There has been a growing trend in mental health issues, particularly among sexual and gender minority groups, rising against a backdrop of increasing depression and suicide rates at the population level, especially among students in colleges and universities.
This study analyzed data from 483,574 responses to the Healthy Minds Study, an annual assessment of mental health trends among full-time students aged 18 to 35 from 2007 to 2022.
The researchers discovered that an average of 18.81% of students identified as LGBTQIA+ throughout the survey years, marking a six-fold increase over the 15 years.
There was also an upward trend in depression rates; overall, 11.97% of all students reported experiencing symptoms of major depression. However, LGBTQIA+ students were disproportionately impacted, being 3.18 times more likely to indicate depression compared to their cisgender, heterosexual counterparts (26.85% versus 8.53%). While LGBTQIA+ students represented about one-fifth of the student population, they comprised nearly half of those reporting depression.
The research identified several critical factors contributing to these mental health disparities, such as experiences of discrimination and a lack of belonging. Despite these obstacles, LGBTQIA+ students were twice as likely to pursue therapy as their peers, though they were only half as likely to seek support from family members.
“Our research reveals a rising mental health emergency among LGBTQIA+ students that requires urgent action,” states David Pagliaccio. “Educational institutions must take decisive and proactive measures to address the alarming increases in depression affecting the lives of numerous young adults, especially those facing unique challenges related to their sexual or gender identity.”
The authors urge educational institutions to implement concrete strategies to tackle these mental health inequalities. Recommended actions include minimizing barriers to mental health services, establishing strong anti-discrimination policies, fostering a sense of community and belonging, and enhancing social support systems for sexual and gender minority students.
