An international collaboration has discovered a method to enhance the performance and durability of solar cells made from the innovative material perovskite by addressing a previously overlooked degradation process.
An international collaboration, spearheaded by the University of Surrey alongside Imperial College London, has found a way to enhance the performance and lifespan of solar cells constructed from the groundbreaking material perovskite by tackling a previously unrecognized degradation mechanism.
A recent study published in Energy and Environmental Science by the Advanced Technology Institute (ATI) at Surrey reveals how they, in partnership with their team, managed to create lead-tin perovskite solar cells that achieve over 23% power conversion efficiency (PCE). This is among the highest results recorded for this type of material and features a design approach that extends the lifespan of these devices by 66%. PCE indicates how effectively a solar cell converts sunlight into usable electricity.
While silicon solar panels dominate many rooftops today, perovskite/silicon solar panels are starting to enter the market, and fully “all-perovskite” panels with even greater efficiencies are expected to represent a significant breakthrough in this technology. However, for this innovation to be commercially successful, researchers must confront the challenges of enhancing both stability and efficiency, particularly in relation to the lead-tin perovskite cells utilized in this framework. This joint research effort led by the University of Surrey uncovers previously hidden factors contributing to losses in efficiency and stability, addressing these issues and aiding the scientific community in advancing this technology.
Hashini Perera, a Ph.D. student and the main author of the study from the Advanced Technology Institute at the University of Surrey, stated:
“The insights gained from this research have enabled us to develop a strategy that boosts the efficiency and prolongs the operational lifespan of these devices when subjected to ambient conditions. This progress represents a significant stride towards producing highly efficient, long-lasting solar panels that will provide more individuals with access to affordable clean energy while curbing our reliance on fossil fuels and reducing global carbon emissions.”
To implement these enhancements, the research team concentrated on comprehending the efficiency and stability reductions that stem from the hole transport layer, which is vital to the solar cell’s performance. They incorporated an iodine-reducing agent to obstruct the chemical reactions that lead to the cells deteriorating over time. This method not only boosted the effectiveness of the lead-tin solar cells but also lengthened their lifespan, making them more feasible and economical for prolonged use.
Dr. Imalka Jayawardena, a co-author of the study from the Advanced Technology Institute at the University of Surrey, commented:
“By markedly improving the efficiency of our perovskite-based solar cells, we are progressing towards less expensive and more sustainable solar panels. We are already in the process of optimizing these materials, methods, and device structures to address the remaining hurdles.”
Professor Ravi Silva, Director of the Advanced Technology Institute at the University of Surrey, added:
“This research brings us closer to panels that not only produce more power over their lifespan but are also more durable. Greater efficiency and fewer replacements lead to increased green energy production with reduced waste. The University of Surrey is currently developing a 12.5MW solar farm where we can test some of these modules. We are optimistic that our pioneering work with perovskite will hasten the widespread commercial utilization of perovskite-based solar panels.”
This research supports the UN Sustainable Development Goals 7 (affordable and clean energy), 9 (industry, innovation, and infrastructure), and 13 (climate action).
