The tonsils play a crucial role in the body’s immune system. They act as the body’s primary defense against germs and viruses that enter through the mouth, according to the Mayo Clinic.

Tonsillitis is a condition marked by the infection of the tonsils, explains Dr. James Clark, co-director of the Johns Hopkins Dysphagia and Deglutition Clinic and assistant professor of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery at Johns Hopkins School of Medicine.

Often, tonsillitis resolves on its own, but in some instances, you might require a course of prescription antibiotics depending on the type of infection. In a discussion with YSL News, an expert addresses some frequently asked questions about this common condition.

What leads to tonsillitis?

Typically, tonsillitis is caused by a viral infection, although it can also result from a bacterial infection, notes Clark. Most bacterial infections of tonsillitis are caused by Streptococcus pyogenes, the bacterium responsible for strep throat, according to WebMD.

The symptoms of tonsillitis are similar to those of a cold or flu. Common signs that may indicate tonsillitis include:

• Sore throat
• Painful swallowing
• Fever
• Swollen and red tonsils (occasionally with white patches)
• Swollen lymph nodes in the neck
• Halitosis (bad breath)

Is tonsillitis contagious?

Tonsillitis in itself is not contagious. However, “the viruses and bacteria that can cause tonsillitis are highly infectious and can be transmitted through respiratory droplets when an infected individual coughs, sneezes, or speaks,” states Clark.

While anyone can develop tonsillitis, it is more commonly seen in children. One reason for the lower prevalence of tonsillitis in adults is that the function of the tonsils diminishes with age, as noted by Healthline.

Can tonsillitis resolve on its own?

Whether tonsillitis clears up on its own depends on if the infection is viral or bacterial.

“Viral tonsillitis usually resolves independently within about a week,” Clark explains. In this case, symptom management is the approach taken.

Conversely, “bacterial tonsillitis lasts roughly ten days, but you will likely need antibiotics to reduce the chances of complications,” points out Clark.

To manage tonsillitis, rest and hydration are essential, according to Clark. For symptom relief, you might consider using over-the-counter medications like ibuprofen or acetaminophen, trying throat lozenges, or gargling with warm salt water. If your tonsillitis infection is bacterial, a healthcare provider may prescribe antibiotics, he adds.

When should you consult a doctor?

If you’re facing severe or persistent symptoms of tonsillitis that last “longer than a few days,” consider seeing a doctor, says Clark. He also advises seeking medical attention if you experience swallowing or breathing difficulties, “frequent occurrences of tonsillitis,” or if you develop a high fever or rash, which could indicate a bacterial infection like strep throat.

If you frequently suffer from tonsillitis, a doctor can evaluate whether a tonsillectomy, which is the surgical removal of the tonsils, might be necessary for you, he suggests.