A recent study on severe allergic reactions delivers an important message for those who are allergic to tree nuts and could also help speed up the diagnosis of anaphylactic allergies in emergency situations.
The study, led by Dr. Moshe Ben-Shoshan at McGill University, revealed a connection between alcohol consumption and heightened severity of nut allergies. It also suggests that nut-flavored alcoholic drinks, even if artificially flavored, might still carry trace allergens, potentially leading to serious reactions.
On a larger scale, researchers identified patterns concerning triggers and symptoms of anaphylaxis—a serious allergic response that can be life-threatening in moments if not addressed.
Food emerged as the primary trigger, accounting for over half of the cases examined. Among these, tree nuts were particularly notable due to their strong correlation with symptoms like throat tightness, more so than other allergens. Additionally, reactions to insect stings were linked more frequently to heart issues, such as a drop in blood pressure.
Addressing gaps in knowledge about adult anaphylaxis
Common causes of anaphylaxis include food, insect bites, and medications. While epinephrine is typically effective in treatment, the authors highlight a lack of understanding regarding why particular triggers lead to specific symptoms, which can result in delays in diagnosis and care.
“Recognizing patterns can enable doctors to provide timely, life-saving interventions in emergency situations. For allergy sufferers, knowing how alcohol and other triggers contribute to their reactions can help them make safer lifestyle choices,” noted lead author Roy Khalaf, a fourth-year medical student at McGill’s Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.
“During the holiday season, with its array of nut-infused treats and specialty drinks, individuals must exercise caution to avoid unintentional allergen exposure,” he cautioned.
The results of this study could also influence labeling practices within the food and beverage sectors, highlighting the necessity for transparent allergen information to safeguard consumers.
Published in the International Archives of Allergy and Immunology, this research represents one of the first comprehensive Canadian investigations into adult anaphylaxis, which the researchers note is under-researched. They examined over 1,100 cases treated in emergency rooms throughout Canada over the past decade.
Moving forward, the research team intends to look into lighter allergic reactions outside of the emergency setting and further assess the relationship between nuts and alcohol to enhance allergy management.
This study was a collaborative initiative led by Dr. Ben-Shoshan, an Associate Professor in McGill’s Pediatrics Department and a researcher at the McGill University Health Centre’s Research Institute, involving researchers from institutions such as the University of Calgary, University of British Columbia, Memorial University, McMaster University, University of Toronto, and University of Manitoba.
