Scientists are transforming their research on bacteria-powered biobatteries into an innovative concept for artificial plants that can utilize carbon dioxide, release oxygen, and even produce a small amount of electricity.
Americans, on average, spend approximately 90% of their time indoors, and the air quality in our workplaces, schools, and homes significantly impacts our health and well-being. However, most air purification systems tend to be pricey, bulky, and require frequent maintenance, such as cleaning or replacing filters to work effectively.
Professor Seokheun “Sean” Choi and PhD student Maryam Rezaie from Binghamton University, State University of New York, are taking their research on bacteria-driven biobatteries—both ingestible and otherwise—and redirecting it toward creating artificial plants that thrive on carbon dioxide. These plants use indoor light for photosynthesis and can reduce carbon dioxide levels by 90%, a significant improvement compared to the 10% reduction found in natural plants.
Their findings, which received partial funding from the Office of Naval Research, are detailed in a recently published paper in the journal Advanced Sustainable Systems.
“After experiencing COVID-19, we truly understand the importance of indoor air quality,” Choi, who is part of the Thomas J. Watson College of Engineering and Applied Science’s Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, commented. “Various sources, like building materials and carpets, can emit harmful substances. Our breathing contributes to the increasing levels of carbon dioxide, along with risks arising from cooking and outside air infiltration.”
Initially, Choi and Rezaie created an artificial leaf using five biological solar cells and photosynthetic bacteria just for fun. It was then they recognized the broader potential of their idea. They constructed their first plant with five leaves and subsequently assessed its ability to capture carbon dioxide and generate oxygen.
While the power output of around 140 microwatts is a minor advantage, Choi aims to enhance the technology to achieve at least 1 milliwatt. He also envisions incorporating energy storage systems like lithium-ion batteries or supercapacitors.
“I aspire to use this generated electricity for charging devices like cell phones or for other practical applications,” he mentioned.
Possible improvements could involve utilizing various bacteria species for increased longevity and finding ways to reduce maintenance needs, such as creating delivery systems for water and nutrients.
“With some adjustments, these artificial plants could find a place in every household,” Choi stated. “The advantages of this concept are quite apparent.”
