3D-printed blood vessels that closely resemble human veins could revolutionize the treatment of heart-related illnesses. These robust, adaptable, gel-like tubes—developed using advanced 3D printing techniques—have the potential to enhance the results for heart bypass patients by serving as alternatives to the human and synthetic veins currently used to redirect blood flow, according to specialists.
3D-printed blood vessels that closely resemble human veins could revolutionize the treatment of heart-related illnesses.
These robust, adaptable, gel-like tubes—developed using advanced 3D printing techniques—have the potential to enhance the results for heart bypass patients by serving as alternatives to the human and synthetic veins currently used to redirect blood flow, according to specialists.
The advent of artificial vessels could reduce complications such as scarring, discomfort, and the risk of infection associated with the extraction of human veins during bypass procedures, which are performed about 20,000 times each year in England. These innovations may also tackle the issues faced with small synthetic grafts, which often struggle to integrate effectively with the body.
In a two-step method, researchers from the University of Edinburgh’s School of Engineering utilized a rotating spindle within a 3D printer to fabricate tubular grafts from a water-based gel.
They then strengthened the printed grafts using a technique called electrospinning, which employs electricity to create ultra-thin nanofibers that coat the artificial blood vessel in biodegradable polyester molecules.
Tests demonstrated that the final products matched the strength of natural blood vessels.
The 3D grafts can be produced in diameters ranging from 1 to 40 mm, accommodating various applications, and their flexibility allows for easier integration into the human body, according to the research team.
The subsequent phase of the research will explore the application of these blood vessels in animal subjects, in partnership with the University of Edinburgh’s Roslin Institute, followed by human trials.
The study findings were shared in the journal Advanced Materials Technologies and were conducted in collaboration with Heriot-Watt University.
Dr. Faraz Fazal from the University of Edinburgh’s School of Engineering and the lead author stated: “Our hybrid method presents new and exciting opportunities for creating tubular structures in the field of tissue engineering.”
Dr. Norbert Radacsi, a principal investigator from the same institution, added: “Our research addresses a persistent challenge in vascular tissue engineering—creating a conduit with biomechanical properties akin to human veins.
“With ongoing support and collaboration, we could turn the vision of enhanced treatments for those with cardiovascular diseases into reality.”
