Researchers have discovered that vegetarians who incorporate Plant-Based Meat Alternatives (PBMAs) into their diet may experience a 42% higher risk of depression compared to those who avoid these products.
There is growing evidence indicating that ultra-processed foods (UPF) can negatively impact our health. But when it comes to those following a vegetarian diet, does the same hold true? Plant-Based Meat Alternatives (PBMA) fall under the category of ultra-processed foods and might have similar adverse effects.
The groundbreaking study, published in Food Frontiers, was conducted by researchers at the University of Surrey. They observed that vegetarians consuming PBMAs faced a 42% increased risk of depression when compared to their peers who did not eat these alternatives.
This research, led by Hana Navratilova, examined data from the UK Biobank. The findings revealed no significant differences in the intake of sodium, free sugar, total sugar, or saturated fats between vegetarians who did and did not consume PBMAs. However, it was noted that PBMA consumers exhibited higher blood pressure and elevated levels of C-reactive protein (CRP)—an indication of inflammation—as well as lower apolipoprotein A levels, which are linked to HDL, often referred to as “good” cholesterol. On a positive note, PBMA consumption was associated with a 40% decrease in the risk of developing irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
Professor Nophar Geifman of the School of Health Sciences at the University of Surrey and the study’s senior author commented:
“The overall results are promising, indicating that plant-based meat alternatives may be a safe choice when included in a well-balanced diet. However, the potential connections between these foods, inflammation, and depression require further study.”
The study does have its limitations, primarily due to the predominantly white demographic from the UK and the fact that dietary information was collected only at the onset of the study, which didn’t factor in diet changes over time.
Professor Anthony Whetton, a co-author from the School of Veterinary Medicine at the University of Surrey, stated:
“Ultra-processed plant-based meat alternatives can serve as a practical way for individuals to adopt a vegetarian diet effectively, contributing to sustainable agricultural practices. Additional research, particularly longitudinal studies and trials involving a more diverse population, is essential to verify these findings and understand the link between vegetarian diets and mood.”
