The genetic disorder Huntington’s has been found to not only impact nerve cells in the brain but also has widespread effects on tiny blood vessels, according to new research. These changes in the blood vessels were even observed in the early stages of the disease, suggesting that this research could be used to predict brain health and assess the potential benefits of lifestyle changes or treatments. Huntington’s disease is a hereditary condition that results in dementia, causing a gradual decline in an individual’s movement, memory, and cognitive skills. At present, there is no known cure.
Research shows that Huntington’s disease not only impacts nerve cells in the brain but also has widespread effects on small blood vessels. These changes were observed even before symptoms appeared, suggesting that this research could be used to predict brain health and assess the impact of lifestyle changes or treatments.
Huntington’s disease is a genetic condition that causes dementia and a gradual deterioration in movement, memory, and cognition. Unfortunately, there is currently no cure for this disease.
The findings of this study were published in Brain Communications.
This study was conducted by researchers from Lancaster University, the University Medical Centre in Ljubljana, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, and Cambridge University. The team looked at how the coordination between neuronal activity and brain oxygenation changes in Huntington’s disease. The brain and vasculature collaborate to ensure that the brain gets enough energy, as it requires 20% of the body’s energy consumption despite being a small part of the body.proximately 2% of the body’s weight.
The “neurovascular unit” is made up of blood vessels connected to brain cells known as astrocytes and neurons, working together for success.
To evaluate the performance of these neurovascular units, the scientists used non-invasive measurement techniques and advanced analysis methods created by Lancaster’s Nonlinear and Biomedical Physics group.
Probes emitting infrared light were placed on the heads of participants in the study. The infrared light passed through the skull safely, allowing researchers to measure the brain’s blood oxygenation levels.
The study included placing electrodes on the heads of participants to measure electrical activity from neurons. The researchers used mathematical techniques to study the various rhythms related to brain and cardiovascular function. These rhythms included heart and respiration rates, as well as slower rhythms associated with blood flow control. Brain activity was also observed in faster rhythms.
The efficiency of the brain depends on how well these rhythms are coordinated. To evaluate the efficiency of the neurovascular unit, both The power and coordination of these rhythms were evaluated by calculating their “power” and “phase coherence.” Professor Aneta Stefanovska from Lancaster University stated that the method could potentially be used to track the progression of the disease and assess the impact of potential treatments or lifestyle changes in Huntington’s disease and other neurodegenerative diseases. The study also aims to inspire new treatments for Huntington’s disease that focus on the vasculature and brain metabolism.
