Scientists at the Max-Planck-Institute for Intelligent Systems (MPI-IS) have created hexagon-shaped robotic pieces known as HEXEL modules. These components can easily snap together, similar to LEGO blocks, allowing the formation of high-speed robots that can be reconfigured for various tasks. This innovative research team, led by Christoph Keplinger from the Robotic Materials Department, integrated artificial muscles within the hexagonal exoskeletons, which contain embedded magnets for quick mechanical and electrical connections. Their work titled “Hexagonal electrohydraulic modules for rapidly reconfigurable high-speed robots” is set to be published in Science Robotics on September 18, 2024.
Engineers at the Max-Planck-Institute for Intelligent Systems (MPI-IS) have introduced intriguing hexagon-shaped robotic modules that can attach together in a manner reminiscent of LEGO, forming adaptable and speedy robots that can change shape to fulfill various functions. Under the guidance of Christoph Keplinger, researchers have integrated artificial muscles with magnetic hexagonal exoskeletons, allowing for swift connections, both mechanically and electrically. The study, titled “Hexagonal electrohydraulic modules for rapidly reconfigurable high-speed robots,” is anticipated to be published in Science Robotics on September 18, 2024.
Each HEXEL module consists of a lightweight and sturdy exoskeleton made from glass fiber, comprising six plates. The inner joints of the modules are powered by hydraulically amplified self-healing electrostatic (HASEL) artificial muscles. When a high voltage is applied, these muscles activate, causing the hexagon’s joints to rotate and change the shape from long and slender to wide and flat.
“The combination of soft and rigid elements like this facilitates both high movement range and speed. By linking multiple modules, we can generate fresh robot configurations tailored to varying requirements,” explains Ellen Rumley, a visiting researcher at the University of Colorado Boulder. Along with Zachary Yoder, both Ph.D. candidates and co-first authors of the study, Rumley emphasizes the potential versatility of this technology.
A video by the team showcases the diverse actions possible with HEXEL modules. For instance, a group of modules navigates a narrow space, while an individual module can move so quickly that it jumps into the air. By connecting several modules, they can form larger structures that exhibit different motions based on their arrangement. One example includes combining multiple modules to create a robot that rolls rapidly.
“Focusing on reconfigurable robots is a practical approach for the future. It promotes sustainability — rather than acquiring five distinct robots for different tasks, we can use identical parts to create various robots. Reconfigurable modules can be adapted as needed, offering more flexibility than specialized machines, which is especially advantageous in resource-limited scenarios,” concludes Yoder.
