Research is leading to new possibilities for advanced diamond-based technologies in both electronics and quantum computing.
Imagine being able to place an object under a microscope and, with the push of a button, rearranging the atoms on its surface with atomic-scale accuracy. What used to sound like science fiction has become a reality thanks to groundbreaking research recently featured in Applied Surface Science.
“Our laser technique enables atomic-level manipulation of diamond surfaces under normal air conditions,” explains lead researcher Dr. Mojtaba Moshkani.
“Such precision is generally achievable only with large, complicated vacuum systems. Achieving this with a straightforward laser method is astonishing.”
Utilizing deep ultraviolet (UV) laser light, the research team has formulated a technique for meticulous surface processing of diamonds. This approach permits the selective removal of merely 1 percent of a single atomic layer, granting unparalleled control over the diamond’s surface attributes.
By employing a deep ultraviolet laser, the team showcased how precisely timed light pulses can instigate localized chemical reactions on the diamond’s surface. These reactions, initiated by a two-photon process, selectively eliminate carbon atoms from the uppermost atomic layer.
This innovation is poised to revolutionize fields such as electronics, quantum devices, and advanced manufacturing, where minor adjustments to surface atom arrangements can greatly boost device efficiency.
Improved Conductivity
One of the most thrilling discoveries was the significant improvement in diamond surface conductivity—showing an increase of up to seven times—following laser treatment. This enhancement was corroborated by partners at MIT Lincoln Laboratory.
“We were astonished that such a slight alteration to the surface could lead to such a remarkable increase in conductivity,” remarks team leader Professor Richard Mildren.
This achievement marks a vital advancement in overcoming obstacles to make diamond a practical material for semiconductors. Diamonds possess unique attributes such as excellent thermal conductivity and resistance to electrical failure, making them highly suitable for high-power, high-frequency electronic applications.
Speed and Scalability for Industry
The method is not just precise but also swift. In current trials, the laser was able to remove 1 percent of a monolayer in only 0.2 milliseconds. This efficiency makes it a promising option for large-scale industrial use, including wafer processing.
“We’ve demonstrated that this process is both quick and scalable,” says Dr. Moshkani. “It presents a compelling solution for industries in need of advanced material processing.”
Impact on Quantum Technologies
Beyond electronics, this finding holds significant implications for quantum technologies. Diamond surfaces are essential for stabilizing quantum states used in quantum computers. The ability to engineer these surfaces with atomic precision could prove invaluable for both researchers and industry.
“This is merely the beginning,” Professor Mildren states. “We are eager to investigate further optimizations of this technique to fully harness the potential of diamonds in electronics, quantum technologies, and more.”
