Canine hookworms are showing increasing resistance to medications throughout Australia, based on recent research findings.
New research indicates that canine hookworms are becoming more resistant to treatments across Australia.
Researchers from The University of Queensland and The University of Sydney have found widespread resistance to benzimidazole-based dewormers, which are frequently used to combat gastrointestinal parasites in dogs.
Dr. Swaid Abdullah from the School of Veterinary Science at UQ reported that nearly 70% of the examined hookworm samples exhibited genetic mutations linked to drug resistance.
“This presents a significant issue, as hookworm infections pose risks to both humans and animals,” stated Dr. Abdullah.
“In dogs, such infections mainly affect the small intestine, resulting in anemia, diarrhea, and malnutrition.
“Moreover, these parasites can transfer to humans through skin contact.
“In humans, dog-derived hookworms can lead to cutaneous larva migrans (CLM) disease, commonly known as ‘creeping eruption’, characterized by a winding, snake-like rash with blisters and itching.”
Dr. Abdullah mentioned that benzimidazole-based dewormers have been the most effective treatment against canine hookworms, but their effectiveness is diminishing.
“This level of resistance is a pressing concern for the health of pets and the public,” he emphasized.
The research team utilized advanced diagnostic techniques to analyze samples from over 100 animals across Australia and New Zealand.
The findings indicated that resistance is spreading among various hookworm species, including the northern hookworm, which was previously considered unaffected.
Professor Jan Šlapeta from The University of Sydney noted that the ongoing reliance on deworming medications is likely contributing to the emergence of resistance.
“It is critical for veterinarians to adopt responsible parasite management practices going forward,” Professor Šlapeta advised.
“We advocate for a move towards targeted, risk-based treatments to reduce the spread of resistant hookworms.
“Just as competent physicians do not prescribe blanket antibiotics to all patients, we should approach deworming with a tailored strategy to mitigate drug resistance.
“As resistance continues to rise, implementing ongoing monitoring and establishing new control methods will be essential for safeguarding both animal and human health.
“This research serves as a crucial reminder for both pet owners and veterinarians — the time of easy parasite management may be drawing to a close.”
